pharmacology journal

Volume 12 Issue 11

Comparative Study of Adalimumab, Infliximab and Certolizumab Pegol in the Treatment of Cystoid Macular Edema Due to Behçet’s Disease

Nuria Barroso-García,José Luis Martín-Varillas,Iván Ferraz-Amaro,Lara Sánchez-Bilbao,Adrián Martín-Gutiérrez,Alfredo Adán,Inés Hernanz-Rodríguez,Emma Beltrán-Catalán,Miguel Cordero-Coma,David Díaz-Valle,Marisa Hernández-Garfella,Lucía Martínez-Costa,Manuel Díaz-Llopis,José M. Herreras,Olga Maíz-Alonso,Ignacio Torre-Salaberri,Antonio Atanes-Sandoval,Santos Insúa,Raquel Almodóvar-González,Patricia Fanlo,

1Rheumatology, Hospital Regional Universitario, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
2Rheumatology, Hospital de Laredo, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39770 Cantabria, Spain
3Imunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
4Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
5Reumatology, Ophthalmology and Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain
6Ophthalmology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
7Rheumatology, Hospital del Mar, 39008 Barcelona, Spain
8Ophthalmology, HM Hospitales & Hospital Regional Universitario, 29010 Málaga, Spain
9Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
10Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario General Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
 
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Preliminary results of this study were accepted at the 2023 European League Against Rheumatology (EULAR) Congress and at the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Convergence 2023, San Diego, CA, USA, 10–15 November 2023.

These authors contributed equally to this paper and share first authorship.
 
These authors shared senior authorship.

Abstract

Background: The leading cause of blindness due to non-infectious uveitis is cystoid macular edema (CME). Behçet’s disease (BD) is one of the most commonly conditions related to CME. Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and safety of adalimumab (ADA), infliximab (IFX) and certolizumab (CZP) in refractory CME due to BD. Methods: Multicenter study of BD-CME patients with no response to glucocorticoids (GCs) and at least one conventional immunosuppressive drug. At baseline, all patients presented CME, defined by OCT > 300 µ. The effectiveness of ADA, IFX and CZP was assessed over a 2-year period from baseline using the following ocular parameters: macular thickness (µm), visual acuity (BCVA), anterior chamber (AC) cells and vitritis. Mixed-effects regression models were applied. Results: a total of 50 patients (75 eyes) were studied (ADA = 25; IFX = 15 and CZP = 10). No significant differences in demographic parameters were found among the three groups. However, individuals in the CZP group had a significantly extended time from diagnosis to treatment onset (72 (36–120) months, p = 0.03) and had received a higher number of biological therapies (1.7 ± 1.1) compared to the ADA and IFX groups. Within the CZP group, ADA and IFX were previously administrated in seven patients. After 2 years of follow-up, a rapid and sustained reduction in macular thickness was noted in all three groups with no significant differences between them. Additionally, enhancements in BCVA, AC cells and vitritis were also observed. No serious adverse events were reported in the CZP group, although one isolated case of bacteremia was documented in the ADA group. ADA, IFX and CZP appear to be effective and safe treatments for refractory CME in BD. CZP seems to remain effective even in patients with an insufficient response to ADA and/or IFX. Conclusions: ADA, IFX and CZP appear to be effective and safe treatments for refractory CME in BD. CZP seems to remain effective even in patients with an insufficient response to ADA and/or IFX.
Keywords: 
uveitis; cystoid macular edema; Behçet disease; TNF inhibitor monoclonal antibodies; adalimumab; infliximab; certolizumab pegol
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